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10th grade biology

Sunlight Into Sugar

What was typed

I have to present how photosynthesis works to my 10th grade biology class tomorrow. 8 minutes. Cover light reactions, the Calvin cycle, why it matters for the carbon cycle, and one surprising fact about it.

The cover of Sunlight Into Sugar, made by Cue.
Another slide from Sunlight Into Sugar. A later slide from Sunlight Into Sugar.

Companies, people and numbers in the example briefs are made up, unless they’re public facts like history or science.

The look Cue chose

Chlorophyll Poster

Flat fields of leaf green, sun yellow, cream and soil red that change every slide, with huge condensed poster type laid over them.

Type
Anton and Space Grotesk
Colours
leafcreaminkmosssunsoilvein
Motion
Confident and physical. Headlines rise word by word from behind a mask on a strong ease-out, about 0.8s with a 0.07s stagger. Shapes and fields slide in as flat slabs. One slow drift at most (the leaf, the sun). Colour changes on cue words are the signature move: a word floods with sun yellow. Type never wobbles or bounces.
Transitions
Each cut is a colour change. Use wipe (0.7s) when moving to a new field colour, push when the story moves forward a stage (light reactions to Calvin cycle), split for the surprising fact, fade only into the closing slide.

Slide by slide

8 slides, with what the presenter says. Highlighted words are cues: saying them makes something on the slide move.

  1. 1

    Cover

    Opens with a fade

    Look at any green leaf outside this window. It is quietly running a factory, and its power source is sunlight. In the next few minutes we will follow that light all the way into sugar. By the end you will be able to explain it in your own words.

  2. 2

    Two stages

    Enters with a push

    Photosynthesis happens in two stages, and both happen inside the chloroplast. First, the light reactions capture energy from sunlight. Then they hand off that energy, like passing along a charged battery. Finally, the Calvin cycle uses it to build sugar out of carbon dioxide.

  3. 3

    Light reactions

    Enters with a wipe

    Here is the first stage up close. Chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs light. That energy is used to split water molecules apart. The leftover oxygen floats away, and that is the oxygen you breathe.

  4. 4

    Charged batteries

    Enters with a dissolve

    Here is the twist. The light reactions do not make any sugar yet. Instead they charge up two batteries. The first one is ATP. The second one is NADPH. Both of them carry that captured light energy over to the Calvin cycle.

  5. 5

    Calvin cycle

    Enters with a iris

    Now the second stage, out in the stroma. The plant pulls in carbon dioxide from the air, and an enzyme called rubisco grabs it. Then the cycle spends the ATP and NADPH, like using up batteries. Out comes sugar, such as glucose. The starting molecule comes back, so the cycle turns again.

  6. 6

    Carbon cycle

    Enters with a slide over

    Think about a huge tree. Most of its body is carbon it pulled out of the air. Photosynthesis is the main way carbon gets into living things. Animals eat plants, so that carbon moves along the food chain. Then respiration breathes it back out as carbon dioxide, and the loop is closed.

  7. 7

    Surprising fact

    Enters with a split

    When a plant gives off oxygen, where does that oxygen come from? Most people guess carbon dioxide. It is not carbon dioxide. It comes from the water that chlorophyll split apart in the light reactions. Every breath you take started as water inside a leaf.

  8. 8

    Remember this

    Enters with a fade

    If you remember one thing, remember this. The light reactions capture light and charge two batteries, ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle spends that energy and makes sugar out of carbon dioxide. And that is how carbon from the air enters life on Earth.

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